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A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents

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Published on: July 10, 2017

Initial Development and Psychometric Properties of the Youth Racism-Based Traumatic Stress Symptom Scale.

Chardée A Galán¹, Henry A Willis², Lillian Polanco-Roman³

¹Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University.

Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53

|June 13, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed the Youth Racism-Based Traumatic Stress Symptom Scale (YRaBTSSS) to assess racism

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Adolescent Health
Trauma Studies

Background:

Racism is linked to traumatic stress, but assessment tools for youth are lacking.
Existing research primarily focuses on adult experiences of racism-induced trauma.
Ethnoracially minoritized adolescents face unique challenges related to racism and trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate the first measure of racism-based traumatic stress symptoms (RBTSS) specifically for adolescents.
To address the gap in assessing RBTSS in young populations.
To provide a tool for understanding the psychological impact of racism on minoritized youth.

Main Methods:

The Youth Racism-Based Traumatic Stress Symptom Scale (YRaBTSSS) was created using literature review and focus groups with adolescents.
The scale was tested in two U.S. samples (N=401 and N=651) of ethnoracially minoritized adolescents aged 12-17.
Participants completed the YRaBTSSS alongside measures of trauma, discrimination, and mental health.

Main Results:

Factor analysis confirmed a single-factor structure for the YRaBTSSS, representing RBTSS.
The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α=0.98) and significant factor loadings.
The YRaBTSSS showed convergent validity with PTSD and racial stress measures, and significant associations with anxiety, depression, and conduct problems.

Conclusions:

The YRaBTSSS provides preliminary evidence of reliability and validity for assessing RBTSS in adolescents.
This new measure enables further research into the effects of racism on minoritized youth from a traumatic stress perspective.
It offers a crucial tool for clinicians and researchers studying the mental health impacts of racism on adolescents.