Finite element modeling of asymmetric expansion using ATOZTM expander

Area of Science:

• Biomechanical Engineering
• Orthodontics
• Craniofacial Development

Background:

• Asymmetric dentoskeletal expansion is a frequent complication of rapid palatal expansion (RPE).
• This asymmetry can lead to significant functional and aesthetic issues.
• Addressing this requires understanding the biomechanics of palatal expanders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the biomechanical performance of the ATOZ™ expander using finite element analysis.
• To investigate how expander design modifications can address asymmetric expansion.
• To explore solutions for patients with unilateral suture maturity.

Main Methods:

• A 3D finite element model of the skull, including teeth and sutures, was created.
• Two models simulated symmetrical (Stage B) and asymmetrical (Stage C) suture maturation.
• Five configurations of the ATOZ™ expander were tested under simulated expansion.

Main Results:

• Symmetrical expansion was achieved with certain configurations in the symmetrical model.
• Significant asymmetry was observed in the asymmetrical model, except for one configuration.
• Configuration 4, with one-sided dental support, effectively redistributed forces and minimized asymmetry.
• The number of micro-implants had minor effects, while dental support significantly impacted force distribution.

Conclusions:

• The ATOZ™ expander, particularly with one-sided dental support, can compensate for asymmetrical sutural resistance.
• This modified expander offers a potential non-surgical approach to manage unilateral suture maturity.
• The findings may reduce the need for surgical intervention like surgically assisted rapid expansion (SARPE).