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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Condensed Matter Physics

    Background:

    • Vortex-antivortex pair generation is studied in various physical systems.
    • Optical vortex-antivortex pairs have been realized in free space but not in evanescent fields.
    • Evanescent field vortices and antivortices are linked to the formation of topological quasi-particles like photonic skyrmions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate, for the first time, diffraction-limit-free vortex-antivortex pairs of the Poynting vector in evanescent fields.
    • To investigate the control over the separation distance between the vortex and antivortex.
    • To provide insights into topological quasi-particle mechanisms and potential applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing specific optical setups to generate and observe vortex-antivortex pairs in evanescent fields.
    • Manipulating the spiral phase of the incident light field.
    • Analyzing the spatial characteristics and separation of the Poynting vector vortex-antivortex pairs.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated diffraction-limit-free vortex-antivortex pairs in evanescent fields.
    • Showed that the separation distance between the vortex and antivortex is tunable via the incident field's spiral phase.
    • Confirmed that this separation is independent of the diffraction limit.

    Conclusions:

    • This work establishes a novel method for creating and controlling vortex-antivortex pairs in evanescent fields.
    • The findings enhance understanding of topological quasi-particles and their formation mechanisms.
    • The demonstrated technique holds promise for advancements in super-resolution microscopy and precision metrology.