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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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  3. Giant Spatial Goos-hänchen Shift Achieved In Superconducting Hyperbolic Metamaterials With Graphene.
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  3. Giant Spatial Goos-hänchen Shift Achieved In Superconducting Hyperbolic Metamaterials With Graphene.

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Giant spatial Goos-Hänchen shift achieved in superconducting hyperbolic metamaterials with graphene.

Junfu Yang, Zhijiang Xie, Hao Ni

    Optics Express
    |June 14, 2025

    View abstract on PubMed

    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We theoretically analyzed the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift in hyperbolic metamaterials at low temperatures. Modulating graphene

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    Area of Science:

    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Metamaterials Science
    • Optics and Photonics

    Background:

    • The Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift is a phenomenon in optics where the reflected beam is laterally displaced.
    • Hyperbolic metamaterials exhibit unique optical properties due to their hyperbolic dispersion.
    • Low-temperature conditions can significantly influence the behavior of superconducting and graphene-based materials.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically investigate the enhancement and regulation of the GH shift in hyperbolic metamaterials.
    • To explore the effects of low-temperature conditions on the GH shift.
    • To provide a theoretical basis for developing novel temperature sensors.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of photonic crystals composed of graphene and superconductors.
  • Modulation of graphene's Fermi energy to achieve hyperbolic dispersion.
  • Investigation of the reflection coefficient's phase transition near elliptic-to-hyperbolic dispersion.

    • Main Results:

    • A significantly large GH shift is observed at the resonant state near the phase transition point.
    • The GH shift can be effectively controlled by adjusting graphene layers, superconductor thickness, and temperature.
    • A maximum positive GH shift of 4000λ was achieved at 200 K.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperbolic metamaterials offer a promising platform for large GH shifts at low temperatures.
    • The tunability of the GH shift provides a mechanism for sensing applications.
    • This research guides the development of high-sensitivity temperature sensors utilizing the GH shift effect.