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Micro-LED-based quantum random number generators.

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    This study introduces a novel quantum random number generator (QRNG) using micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) as an entropy source. This compact QRNG achieves high generation rates and passes NIST randomness tests, offering a scalable solution for practical applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum physics and optoelectronics.
    • Development of secure random number generation technologies.

    Background:

    • Traditional quantum random number generators (QRNGs) often face limitations like low speeds and bulky components, particularly those using single-photon detectors (SPDs).
    • Existing QRNG systems struggle to meet the demands for high-throughput, miniaturized random number generation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate a high-performance QRNG system using micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) as a compact entropy source.
    • To overcome the speed and size limitations of conventional QRNGs.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized micro-LEDs as an entropy source, exploiting the intensity fluctuations of spontaneous emissions.
    • Applied post-processing techniques to the generated data.
    • Tested micro-LEDs of varying sizes to ensure consistent performance.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a photodetector bandwidth-limited generation rate of 9.375 Gbit/s with a 5 × 5 µm² micro-LED.
    • The generated random numbers successfully passed the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) randomness tests.
    • Demonstrated consistent high performance across different micro-LED sizes, confirming the approach's robustness.

    Conclusions:

    • Micro-LEDs offer a viable and robust entropy source for high-speed quantum random number generation.
    • The compact, scalable design of micro-LED-based QRNGs enables the development of integrated chips for ultra-high random number generation rates.
    • This technology paves the way for practical, miniaturized QRNG platforms.