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Simultaneous multi-wavelength mode-locked DFB laser based on waveguide Bragg grating microcavities.

Mohanad Al-Rubaiee, Xiao Sun, Bocheng Yuan

|June 14, 2025

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Researchers developed a novel monolithic multi-wavelength mode-locked distributed feedback (DFB) laser. This breakthrough enables simultaneous lasing at multiple wavelengths, simplifying fabrication and paving the way for advanced optical communication systems.

Area of Science:

Photonics and Optical Engineering
Semiconductor Lasers
Integrated Optics

Background:

Mode-locked lasers are crucial for high-speed optical communications.
Achieving multi-wavelength operation in a single monolithic device presents significant fabrication challenges.
Distributed feedback (DFB) lasers offer wavelength selectivity and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a monolithic multi-wavelength mode-locked DFB laser using waveguide Bragg grating microcavities.
To achieve simultaneous lasing at multiple distinct wavelengths within a single laser cavity.
To explore the design's versatility for tailoring channel count and repetition frequency.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a monolithic DFB laser incorporating waveguide Bragg grating microcavities.

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Utilizing a single metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy growth and a single III-V material dry etching step.

Modifying the central cavity length to achieve different lasing channel counts.

Main Results:

Demonstrated simultaneous three-wavelength lasing near 1.55 μm with a uniform free spectral range of 0.46 nm (57.4 GHz).
Achieved near-transform-limited pulses (6.25 ps, time-bandwidth product = 0.359) and a side mode suppression ratio > 30 dB.
Showcased dual- and six-wavelength operation by adjusting cavity length, highlighting design flexibility.

Conclusions:

The developed monolithic multi-wavelength mode-locked DFB laser offers a simplified fabrication process and enhanced reproducibility.
The platform's versatility in controlling wavelength channels makes it ideal for dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and coherent optical communications.
This compact laser design facilitates seamless integration with other photonic components for advanced optical systems and photonic sensing applications.