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  11. Dynamic Functional Connectivity Differences Between Insomnia And Comorbid Insomnia With Depression: A Neuroimaging Study Of Brain Stability

Dynamic Functional Connectivity Differences Between Insomnia and Comorbid Insomnia with Depression: A Neuroimaging Study of Brain Stability

Zhangwei Lv1, Haobo Zhang1, Yuhan Fan1

  • 1Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China.

Biological Psychology
|June 14, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals distinct brain dynamic functional connectivity patterns in patients with comorbid insomnia and depression (IMD) compared to those with insomnia disorder (ID) alone. Findings highlight altered brain connectivity in IMD patients, offering targets for personalized treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Insomnia disorder (ID) and major depressive disorder (MDD) share a complex relationship, with neuroimaging studies showing differing functional connectivity (FC) patterns.
  • Existing research often uses static FC analysis and lacks direct comparisons between ID and comorbid ID and MDD (IMD) patients.
  • Few studies investigate how depressive symptoms impact the dynamic brain properties of ID patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the dynamic brain functional connectivity (dFC) properties between patients with ID and those with IMD using a novel stability of dFC (sDFC) method.
  • To explore the relationship between sDFC, sleep quality, insomnia severity, and depressive symptom severity in IMD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a sliding window approach to calculate the stability of brain dynamic functional connectivity (sDFC).
Keywords:
ComorbidityInsomnia disorderMajor depression disorderStability dynamic functional connectivity

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  • Utilized independent samples t-tests to compare sDFC between ID (n=47) and IMD (n=50) groups.
  • Applied Pearson's correlations to examine associations between sDFC and clinical measures in the IMD group.

    • Main Results:

    • IMD patients exhibited increased sDFC in the right supramarginal gyrus and left precuneus.
    • Decreased sDFC was observed in the bilateral putamen, bilateral thalamus, right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and right middle frontal gyrus in IMD patients.
    • In IMD patients, left precuneus sDFC correlated positively with depressive symptoms, while right putamen sDFC correlated negatively with insomnia symptoms. Left putamen and right SFG sDFC negatively correlated with depressive symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • This study provides the first direct comparison of dynamic brain properties between ID and IMD patients.
    • Findings enhance understanding of how comorbid depression influences brain dynamics in insomnia patients.
    • Identified potential brain regions (e.g., precuneus, putamen, SFG) for future neuromodulation interventions in treating comorbid ID and MDD.