Nitrate-induced microbial metabolic activation and community composition optimization enhance the anaerobic
Jun Tu1, Qiuru Chen1, Ziyi Lin1
1SCNU (NAN'AN) Green and Low-carbon Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Low-carbon Pollution Prevention and Digital Technology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
Abstract:
This study investigated the impact of nitrate on the biodegradation potential of thiamethoxam (THM) in aquatic environments. It was found that the introduction of different nitrate concentrations significantly improved the anaerobic biodegradation efficiency of THM. Notably, the degradation rate of THM enhanced remarkably as nitrate concentration increased. As the nitrate concentration was elevated to 200 mg·L-1, the removal rate of THM significantly increased to 85.92 %, which was 7.45 times higher than that of the control system. Analysis of results from Tafel, AC impedance (EIS), electron transport activity (ETSA), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) revealed that the addition of nitrate enhanced the electrochemical activity of the system and the efficiency of electron transfer. Furthermore, nitrate promotes the secretion of extracellular polymers and activates the activity of related enzymes, such as nitrate reductase (NAR), nitrite reductase (NIR), and catalase (CAT). Macro-transcriptome analyses showed that nitrate addition changed the structure of the microbial community, regulated the expression of relevant functional genes, and increased microbial metabolic activity, thereby effectively accelerating the biodegradation of THM. This study provides new insights into the relationship between nitrate and the biological anaerobic degradation of THM.
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