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Evaluation of HBsAg and HBeAg seroconversion rates in patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B: A 10-year

Müge Toygar Deniz1, Muhammed Fatih Karaşın1, İrem Asena Doğan Öntaş1

  • 1From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology,, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.

Saudi Medical Journal
|June 14, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) shows superior rates for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion compared to Entecavir (ETV). This antiviral therapy is key for managing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and achieving HBsAg seroclearance.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a global health issue.
  • Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion rates are crucial for assessing treatment effectiveness in CHB patients.
  • Treatment cessation decisions rely on identifying patients with HBsAg seroclearance and HBeAg seroconversion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the seroconversion rates of HBsAg and HBeAg over a ten-year follow-up period in CHB patients.
  • To compare the efficacy of different nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) in achieving seroconversion.
  • To evaluate the role of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and HBeAg status in patient stratification.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 2,300 CHB patients treated with NUCs between 2013 and 2023 was studied.
  • Patients were categorized into four phases based on ALT levels and HBeAg status.
  • Rates of HBsAg seroclearance and HBeAg seroconversion were assessed in a subset of 114 patients.

Main Results:

  • HBsAg seroclearance was observed in 0.7% (18/114) of patients, while HBeAg seroconversion occurred in 53% (60/114) of patients.
  • Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) demonstrated significantly higher HBeAg seroconversion rates compared to Entecavir (ETV).
  • TDF treatment was associated with a faster mean time to HBeAg seroconversion and was also more prevalent in patients achieving HBsAg seroclearance.

Conclusions:

  • TDF may be superior to ETV in promoting seroconversion in CHB patients.
  • Antiviral therapy plays a critical role in managing CHB.
  • Further research is warranted to identify factors influencing treatment outcomes in CHB management.
Abstract

Keywords:
chronichepatitis Bhepatitis B e antigenshepatitis B surface antigens

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