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Structure Function Relationships in the Aging Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon: Implications for Injury.

Danae E Zamboulis1, Chavaunne T Thorpe2

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|June 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Aging degrades specialized tendon structures, increasing injury risk. Therapeutics targeting these age-related changes in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) could prevent and treat injuries.

Keywords:
AgingEquineMatrixStructure-functionSuperficial digital flexor tendonTendon

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Musculoskeletal Biology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • The superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) is susceptible to age-related injury due to high mechanical stresses.
  • Specialized structures within the interfascicular matrix (IFM) of the SDFT help it withstand extreme mechanical environments.
  • Aging leads to the loss of these specialized structures, compromising the tendon's ability to handle repeated loading.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the age-related changes in the SDFT, specifically within the IFM.
  • To understand how these changes impact tendon mechanical properties and cellular health.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for preventing and treating SDFT injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Histological and mechanical analyses of SDFT tissues across different age groups.
  • Assessment of cellular senescence and inflammatory markers within the IFM.
  • Evaluation of the structural organization and material properties of the IFM.

Main Results:

  • Significant loss of specialized structures and mechanical properties within the IFM of aged SDFTs.
  • Increased cellular senescence and impaired resolution of inflammation observed in aged IFM.
  • Correlation between the loss of IFM specialization and reduced tendon resistance to loading.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related decline in SDFT interfascicular matrix (IFM) integrity compromises tendon function.
  • Cellular senescence and inflammation exacerbate the detrimental effects of aging on the IFM.
  • Targeting IFM changes, senescence, and inflammation presents a promising strategy for SDFT injury prevention and treatment.