An investigation of knowledge, attitude and practice towards tuberculosis among denizen of Sikkim

Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health problem caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to high mortality rates in developing countries. India bears the highest burden of TB, yet there is a lack of studies on public understanding and preventive practices related to TB. Further, Sikkim, with limited healthcare access, lacks research on its population's TB awareness.

An online survey was conducted in Sikkim to assess people's knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices regarding TB.

A cross-section study was conducted among 250 denizen of Sikkim. The data was collected through online survey link (Google Forms) through social media (Facebook, Messenger, WhatsApp, and Electronic Email). A total of 38-item questionnaire was administered for this present study.

Most respondents were young, female and postgraduate students. The questionnaire had high reliability (0.86) and showed high awareness of TB (94.29 %) and its curability (90.00 %). However, misconceptions persisted, including beliefs about transmission through food, utensils, and mosquito bites. A significant portion considered TB serious (39.05 %) and believed in their susceptibility (82.86 %). Many were compassionate (53.81 %) and willing to help TB patients. Despite being aware, a considerable number of respondents had not undergone TB screening (83.33 %) and had no health education (70.00 %). Many preferred modern medications for treatment (80.00 %) and would visit health facilities if symptoms occurred (71.90 %). However, stigmatization was evident, with over half believing the community avoids TB patients (54.56 %).

The study shows a commendable level of knowledge among participants about various aspects of TB, TB might contribute to high suicide rate. People undergoing TB treatment need counseling. It is noteworthy that possessing a solid foundation of knowledge, coupled with a positive attitude and sound practices, plays a pivotal role in the timely detection and eventual eradication of TB.