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Updated: Sep 19, 2025

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[Functional Neurological Disorder for Neurologists].

Masayuki Ohira1

  • 1Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry National Center Hospital.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|June 16, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional neurological disorders (FND) are increasingly diagnosed using positive signs, not exclusion. Neurologists can detect these signs, especially in functional movement disorders, aiding accurate FND diagnosis and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Functional neurological disorders (FND) are common in neurological clinics.
  • The diagnostic approach has evolved from exclusion to positive diagnosis using specific signs.
  • Psychological stressors are recognized as key risk factors for FND.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the shift towards positive diagnosis in FND.
  • To emphasize the role of "positive signs" in diagnosing FND.
  • To discuss the importance of recognizing subtypes and their shared pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current diagnostic approaches for FND.
  • Identification and discussion of "positive signs" for FND diagnosis.
  • Focus on functional movement disorders and newly reported diagnostic signs.

Main Results:

  • Positive signs, indicating incompatibility, are central to modern FND diagnosis.
  • Functional movement disorders offer readily detectable positive signs.
  • New diagnostic signs reported by Japanese neurologists can enhance FND diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Neurologists are crucial for diagnosing and treating FND.
  • The adoption of positive signs facilitates a more accurate and timely FND diagnosis.
  • Effective utilization of positive signs, particularly for functional movement disorders, is recommended.