RETRACTION: The Impact of Acoustic Stimulation During Sleep on Memory and Sleep Architecture: A Meta-Analysis

E. C. Stanyer, P. Dominick E. Baniqued, M. Awais, L. Kouara, A. G. Davies, E. C. Killan and F. Mushtaq, "The Impact of Acoustic Stimulation During Sleep on Memory and Sleep Architecture: A Meta-Analysis," Journal of Sleep Research 31, no. 3 (2022): e13385, https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13385. The above article, published online on 30 November 2021 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Dieter Riemann; the European Sleep Research Society; and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed upon following concerns raised by a third party. After evaluating the data in collaboration with the third party, the authors agree that there are substantial errors which affect the conclusions of the study, including the use of standard error of the mean values instead of standard deviation and the reporting of incorrect sample sizes. Although the errors were inadvertent, the authors and editors consider the results and conclusions of this article to be invalid.