Use of Tissue Expander and Breast Implant in Postmastectomy Reconstruction: Presentation of a Clinical Case

Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy among women worldwide, and mastectomy continues to be a standard treatment for many patients. Advances in oncological therapies have led to increased survival rates, emphasizing the need for reconstructive options that not only restore physical anatomy but also improve psychological well-being and overall quality of life. Breast reconstruction using tissue expanders has become a widely accepted technique, offering a staged approach that allows gradual accommodation of an implant while preserving the skin and soft tissue envelope. This method is particularly beneficial in cases where autologous tissue is insufficient or when patients prefer a less invasive initial procedure. Technological innovations have led to the development of anatomically shaped expanders and integrated valve systems, enhancing both safety and aesthetic outcomes. Despite its advantages, expander-based reconstruction is not without complications, with risks such as infection, extrusion, capsular contracture, and delayed wound healing, particularly in patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy. Successful outcomes depend largely on appropriate patient selection, meticulous surgical technique, and careful postoperative management. The use of acellular dermal matrices and advances in expander design have further expanded the possibilities for optimizing results. Tissue expander breast reconstruction remains a safe, effective, and customizable option for many breast cancer survivors. As research progresses, future innovations in biomaterials, surgical techniques, and adjuvant therapies are expected to continue improving the durability, safety, and aesthetic satisfaction of reconstructive outcomes, ultimately contributing to better long-term physical and psychological recovery for patients following breast cancer treatment.