Transforming Agri-food waste: Innovative pathways toward a zero-waste circular economy

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology and sustainable resource management.

Background:

• Agri-food waste represents a substantial global biomass resource, with approximately 30% of food lost annually, amounting to 150 billion metric tons.
• Current disposal methods like landfilling and incineration cause environmental harm and economic losses.
• This waste stream is rich in organic compounds suitable for conversion into valuable products.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in the generation, categorization, and valorization of agri-food waste.
• To highlight the biotechnological potential of agri-food waste for producing various value-added products.

Main Methods:

• Compilation and synthesis of recent scientific literature on agri-food waste valorization.
• Categorization of waste streams and their potential applications.
• Review of biotechnological conversion pathways.

Main Results:

• Agri-food waste can be valorized into antibiotics, fermented foods, nutraceuticals, and industrial materials.
• Successful examples of waste valorization demonstrate economic and environmental benefits.
• Biotechnological approaches offer sustainable routes for waste conversion.

Conclusions:

• Agri-food waste valorization is crucial for transitioning to a zero-waste circular economy.
• Increased research, technological innovation, and public awareness are needed for sustainable waste management.
• This approach aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goals 11, 12, and 13, promoting responsible consumption and production.