Gait abnormalities in children with FOXP1 syndrome: A case series

FOXP1 syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations or deletions in the Forkhead Box Protein 1 (FOXP1) gene. It is characterized by intellectual disabilities, language difficulties, autism spectrum disorder, congenital anomalies and motor impairments.Walking difficulties have been reported, but specific gait impairments have not previously been described. In this case series, specific gait abnormalities, and how they were managed, are reported in three children with FOXP1 syndrome. The most prominent clinical abnormalities in their gait and gait analysis were toe walking with increased plantar flexion, and knee and hip flexion in midstance. All children had premature activation of the calf muscles. In two of the three children, spasticity in the calf muscles and contractures of ankles and knees were found, which could explain these abnormalities in their gait.