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Diagnostic morphometry in emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

W F Whimster

    Analytical and Quantitative Cytology and Histology
    |September 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new morphometric point-counting technique quantifies emphysema and airway submucosal glands. Emphysema volume is not uniform across lung slices or between lungs, highlighting the need for standardized diagnostic methods.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary pathology
    • Morphometry
    • Histology

    Background:

    • Emphysema and airway diseases are significant health concerns.
    • Accurate quantification of pathological changes is crucial for diagnosis and research.
    • Existing morphometric methods may lack standardization and comprehensive baseline data.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a point-counting morphometric technique for quantifying emphysema and submucosal glands.
    • To assess the distribution and variability of emphysema within lungs.
    • To characterize the distribution of submucosal glands along the airway tree.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a point-counting technique for macroscopic lung and microscopic airway analysis.
    • Application of the technique to quantify emphysema volume in lung slices.

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  • Application of the technique to measure submucosal gland volume relative to luminal surface area in bronchi.

    • Main Results:

    • Emphysema volume is highly variable between lung slices and between lungs, precluding prediction from single measurements.
    • A distinctive profile of submucosal gland distribution along the airway is obtainable when volume is normalized to luminal surface area.
    • Mean volume per gland was also determined.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed morphometric technique provides actual volumes, not just ratios, for emphysema and submucosal glands.
    • Findings underscore the heterogeneity of emphysema and the utility of normalized gland volume for airway analysis.
    • A central repository for validated morphometric methods and normal baseline data is essential for diagnostic application.