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Area of Science:

  • Organizational Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The integration of artificial intelligence, specifically large language models (LLMs), into professional environments is rapidly increasing.
  • Understanding the impact of LLM assistance on employee creativity and the underlying psychological mechanisms is crucial for optimizing workplace innovation.
  • Metacognitive strategies play a key role in how individuals adapt to and utilize new cognitive tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical framework explaining how and for whom LLM assistance influences creativity in the workplace.
  • To investigate the mediating role of cognitive job resources in the LLM-creativity relationship.
  • To examine the moderating effect of metacognitive strategies on the effectiveness of LLM assistance for creativity.

Main Methods:

  • A theoretical perspective was developed on LLM assistance and employee creativity.
  • A field experiment was conducted with employees in a technology consulting firm.
  • Participants were randomly assigned to either receive LLM assistance or not, with creativity assessed by supervisors and external evaluators.

Main Results:

  • LLM assistance significantly increased employee creativity, mediated by the provision of cognitive job resources.
  • Employees with high levels of metacognitive strategies demonstrated a greater increase in creativity when using LLM assistance compared to those with low levels.
  • The positive impact of LLM assistance on creativity was robust across different assessment methods.

Conclusions:

  • LLM assistance serves as a valuable cognitive job resource, enhancing employee creativity.
  • Metacognitive strategies are critical for effectively utilizing LLM tools to unlock creative potential.
  • The findings provide empirical support for the proposed theoretical model, highlighting the interplay between technology, individual differences, and workplace creativity.