Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

913
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
913
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

526
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
526
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

950
In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
950
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

91
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
91
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

228
Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
228
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

849
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
849

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Surgical management of tumor-mimicking posteriorly migrated lumbar disc fragment using a quadrant minimally invasive approach: a case report and literature review.

Frontiers in surgery·2026
Same author

Genesis mechanism of iodide and fluoride in groundwater driven by high-salinity in Bohai Bay.

Journal of contaminant hydrology·2026
Same author

Nitrate pollution sources and associated biogeochemical mechanisms in coastal groundwater affected by seawater intrusion using multiple isotopes and source apportionment models.

Marine pollution bulletin·2026
Same author

A High-Resolution VOC Emission Inventory for Gas Stations in a Typical Yangtze River Delta City: Implications for Ozone Formation, Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation, and Health Risks.

Toxics·2026
Same author

High co-occurrence but low heterogeneity of virulence factors and resistance genes in farmland soil.

Journal of environmental sciences (China)·2026
Same author

Mechanoelectrical metamaterials for broad-range, high-sensitivity pressure sensing.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats
10:28

Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats

Published on: December 5, 2017

9.4K

Hazelnut-Derived Peptide YYLLVR Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypertension by Activating ACE2.

Wentian Song1,2,3, Haoduo Huang1,2,3, Yue Shen3

  • 1National Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Forest Food Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|June 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Hazelnut peptide YYLLVR effectively lowers blood pressure and improves endothelial function in hypertensive rats. This novel ACE2-activating peptide shows therapeutic potential for managing hypertension and related vascular dysfunction.

Keywords:
ACE2endothelial dysfunctionhypertensionpeptiderenin-angiotensin system

More Related Videos

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues
08:41

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues

Published on: June 3, 2019

10.0K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug
05:57

Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug

Published on: May 17, 2024

857

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats
10:28

Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats

Published on: December 5, 2017

9.4K
Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues
08:41

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues

Published on: June 3, 2019

10.0K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug
05:57

Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug

Published on: May 17, 2024

857

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypertension and endothelial dysfunction are significant cardiovascular risk factors.
  • The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in blood pressure regulation.
  • Targeting the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MAS axis offers a potential therapeutic strategy for hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antihypertensive effects of YYLLVR, a hazelnut-derived peptide.
  • To determine the impact of YYLLVR on endothelial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying YYLLVR's action, focusing on the ACE/Ang II/AGTR1 and ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MAS pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of YYLLVR to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).
  • Measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
  • Assessment of ACE2 expression and activity in vitro (HUVECs) and in vivo.
  • Analysis of key molecular markers including nitric oxide (NO), eNOS, ET-1, iNOS, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β).
  • Evaluation of endothelial cell apoptosis, tube formation, migration, and proliferation.

Main Results:

  • YYLLVR significantly reduced systolic (53.48 mmHg) and diastolic (37.57 mmHg) blood pressure in SHRs.
  • YYLLVR increased ACE2 expression (2-fold) and activity, promoting the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MAS axis while inhibiting the ACE/Ang II/AGTR1 axis.
  • Enhanced NO and eNOS expression, reduced ET-1 and iNOS expression, and decreased aortic thickness were observed.
  • YYLLVR demonstrated protective effects against Ang II-induced apoptosis and improved endothelial cell function.
  • The effects of YYLLVR were dependent on ACE2 activity, as confirmed by experiments with an ACE2 inhibitor (DX600).

Conclusions:

  • YYLLVR exhibits potent antihypertensive effects and improves endothelial dysfunction.
  • Its mechanism involves the activation of the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MAS pathway and modulation of vascular inflammation and remodeling.
  • YYLLVR represents a promising novel ACE2-activating peptide for the therapeutic management of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction.