Traumatic Gluteal Compartment Syndrome in Active Duty Navy Sailor After a Shipboard Fall

Gluteal compartment syndrome (GCS) is a rare diagnosis that is difficult to diagnose and can lead to significant morbidity. Common etiologies of GCS include direct trauma or prolonged immobilization as a result of surgical anesthesia, alcohol, or drug use. If not diagnosed and treated promptly, significant soft tissue, neurologic, and renal damage can occur. Mortality occurs in up to 7% of individuals. Conservative management is associated with poorer outcomes, with definitive management requiring surgical intervention. The occurrence of GCS in austere environments is particularly challenging because of a paucity of diagnostic and surgical resources. Herein, we describe a case of GCS that occurred in an active duty navy sailor after a shipboard fall. Diagnostic and treatment modalities of GCS are discussed, as are the implications of GCS within the operational maritime environment.