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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Updated: Sep 19, 2025

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Cutaneous Tuberculosis (CTB) Identified on 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Jennifer Ranes1, Lesley Flynt2, Phyu Aung2

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|June 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is difficult due to varied symptoms and unclear tests. This case highlights how 18F-Fludeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG PET/CT) imaging aided in diagnosing CTB.

Keywords:
Cutaneous Tuberculosis (CTB)diagnostic challengesextrapulmonary tuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Cutaneous Tuberculosis (CTB) is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
  • Diagnosis is challenging due to diverse clinical presentations and non-specific histopathology.
  • Lesions often mimic other dermatological conditions, complicating diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a challenging case of cutaneous tuberculosis.
  • To illustrate the utility of 18F-Fludeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG PET/CT) in diagnosing CTB.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 69-year-old male with unusual, treatment-resistant cutaneous lesions.
  • Initial diagnostic workup included standard histological examination, which yielded ambiguous results.
  • 18F-Fludeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG PET/CT) imaging was performed.

Main Results:

  • FDG PET/CT imaging revealed pulmonary nodules and significant tracer uptake in the cutaneous lesions.
  • These findings were crucial in supporting the diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis.
  • The imaging provided a more definitive diagnostic pathway when conventional methods were inconclusive.

Conclusions:

  • FDG PET/CT can be a valuable tool in diagnosing challenging cases of cutaneous tuberculosis.
  • This imaging modality can help identify systemic involvement and guide diagnosis when cutaneous lesions are atypical or initial tests are non-diagnostic.
  • Integrating advanced imaging techniques can improve diagnostic accuracy for rare presentations of tuberculosis.