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Pupil size tracks attentional breadth in the Navon task.

Martin Teunisse1,1, Damian Koevoet1,1, Ydo Baarda1,1

  • 1Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.

Perception
|June 17, 2025
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Summary

Pupil size changes can indicate attentional breadth during visual attention tasks. Larger pupil size was observed when participants focused on global features versus local features in the Navon task.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Visual attention involves selecting and prioritizing information due to processing limitations.
  • Attentional breadth, the size of the focus of attention, can vary spatially.
  • The Navon task is a standard method for assessing attentional breadth by examining responses to global or local features.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pupil size as a non-invasive, behavior-free marker of attentional breadth.
  • To explore the relationship between pupil size and attentional breadth in the context of the Navon task.
  • To determine if pupil size changes reflect the focus on global versus local visual information.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed a modified Navon task, reporting parity of global or local numbers.
  • Stimuli featured global and local numbers with differing luminance.
  • Pupil size was continuously monitored as a physiological measure.

Main Results:

  • No significant pupil size difference was found when attending to bright versus dark features.
  • A larger pupil size was observed when attending to global features compared to local features.
  • Lower accuracy in the global attention condition suggests task difficulty may influence pupil size.

Conclusions:

  • Pupil size shows potential as a physiological marker for attentional breadth in the Navon task.
  • The observed pupil size difference may be linked to task difficulty, cognitive effort, or attentional breadth itself.
  • Further research is needed to disentangle the specific factors influencing pupil size during attentional breadth assessment.