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Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
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Immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: current trends and future prospects

Amina Essalihi1, Oumaima Bouchra2, Khadija Khadiri3

  • 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco. amina.essalihi-etu@etu.univh2c.ma.

Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
|June 17, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive, but immunotherapy shows promise. High immune cell presence in TNBC may predict better responses to these novel treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents 10-20% of breast cancers, characterized by aggressive behavior, poor prognosis, and high recurrence risk.
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved survival in various cancers by enhancing anti-tumor responses.
  • TNBC exhibits significant intra-tumoral and stromal immune cell infiltration, suggesting potential sensitivity to immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer.
  • To explore the rationale and application of immunotherapy across different stages of TNBC.
  • To highlight the prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in TNBC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immunotherapy in TNBC.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data and research findings.
  • Exploration of the immunological basis for immunotherapy response in TNBC.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy, including ICIs, is an emerging treatment option for TNBC.
  • High levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and immune cells in TNBC correlate with a potential for better immunotherapy response.
  • The review covers immunotherapy's application in various TNBC disease stages.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy offers a promising avenue for improving outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer.
  • The immune microenvironment of TNBC is critical for predicting response to immunotherapeutic strategies.
  • Further research and clinical application of immunotherapy are warranted for TNBC management.
Keywords:
Clinical TrialsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsImmunotherapyPDL-1Triple-negative breast cancerTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

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