Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Development of Human Microbiota

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...

Development of the Oral Microbiota

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

ITARA research programme: Investigating Integrated Tuberculosis And Respiratory care in Africa using transdisciplinary methods.

BMJ open·2026

Same author

Aetiology and outcomes of emergency admissions for chronic liver disease in England, 2012-2019: a national cohort study using administrative data.

BMJ open gastroenterology·2026

Same author

Characterizing Documented Psychosocial Stressors in Pediatric Psychiatric Emergencies with an Open-Weight Large Language Model.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Same author

Association between age and surgical resection for patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer: national study.

BJS open·2026

Same author

Pharmacologic Therapies for Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Extremely Preterm Infants.

JAMA network open·2026

Same author

Integrated CPR coach and compressor training improves CPR quality in a pediatric emergency department.

Resuscitation·2026

Same journal

Cohort profile: Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort Study (SMBCS).

BMJ open·2026

Same journal

Quebec lung, liver and heart transplant recipients' perspectives on self-narratives and their experiences in creative writing workshops during the transplantation journey: a qualitative study.

BMJ open·2026

Same journal

Impact of climatic variables on postoperative outcomes in various surgical disciplines: a systematic review.

BMJ open·2026

Same journal

ADHD and cardiometabolic risk profile in adults with type 2 diabetes: a longitudinal register-based study.

BMJ open·2026

Same journal

Understanding the impact of the follow-up period on the association between excess body weight, and cardiovascular events and mortality: a prospective cohort study of the UK Biobank.

BMJ open·2026

Same journal

Temporal associations between incident physical health problems/sensory impairments and challenging behaviours in people with intellectual disabilities: a population-based longitudinal cohort study of primary care in England.

BMJ open·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination

Published on: September 25, 2014

Routine testing for group B streptococcus in pregnancy: protocol for a UK cluster randomised trial (GBS3).

Jane Daniels¹, Kate Walker², Lucy Bradshaw¹

¹Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

|June 17, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Routine group B streptococcus (GBS) testing in pregnant women may reduce early-onset neonatal sepsis compared to risk-based strategies. This large cluster randomized trial will compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different GBS screening methods.

Keywords:

HEALTH ECONOMICS NEONATOLOGY Randomized Controlled Trial

More Related Videos

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization

Published on: November 16, 2016

Author Spotlight: Microbial Control and Monitoring Strategies for Cleanroom Environments and Cellular Therapies

Author Spotlight: Microbial Control and Monitoring Strategies for Cleanroom Environments and Cellular Therapies

Published on: March 17, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination

Published on: September 25, 2014

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization

Published on: November 16, 2016

Author Spotlight: Microbial Control and Monitoring Strategies for Cleanroom Environments and Cellular Therapies

Author Spotlight: Microbial Control and Monitoring Strategies for Cleanroom Environments and Cellular Therapies

Published on: March 17, 2023

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Neonatal Medicine
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis.
Current strategies for GBS screening in pregnancy vary, with unclear benefits.
A comparative effectiveness study is needed to determine optimal GBS screening protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the effectiveness of routine GBS testing versus a risk factor-based strategy in reducing early-onset neonatal sepsis.
To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of antenatal enriched culture medium testing versus intrapartum rapid testing for GBS.
To assess the implementation and acceptability of different GBS screening strategies in maternity units.

Main Methods:

A large-scale cluster randomized trial involving up to 320,000 women across 80 maternity units.
Sites randomized to either routine GBS testing or risk factor-based strategy.
Routine testing sites further randomized to antenatal or intrapartum testing, with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for positive GBS or identified risk factors.

Main Results:

The primary outcome is all-cause early neonatal sepsis (<7 days), defined by culture, death, or clinical signs with antibiotic treatment.
Cost-effectiveness will be analyzed in terms of incremental cost per case of sepsis avoided and per quality-adjusted life-year.
Data will be collected from routinely collected NHS databases and supplemented with process outcomes.

Conclusions:

The trial aims to provide evidence on the most effective and cost-effective strategy for GBS screening to prevent neonatal sepsis.
Findings will inform clinical practice guidelines and healthcare policy regarding GBS management in pregnancy.
The study will also yield valuable economic, qualitative, and implementation data for health technology assessment.