Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

544
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
544
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

632
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
632
Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

2.7K
Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
2.7K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.1K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.1K
Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

1.2K
Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Real-Time Bioconjugation Reaction Monitoring of Antibody-Drug Conjugates with Multiattribute High-Throughput Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography.

Analytical chemistry·2025
Same author

Streamlining LC-MS Characterization of Pharmaceutical Polymers by Fourier-Transform-Based Deconvolution and Macromolecular Mass Defect Analysis.

Analytical chemistry·2024
Same author

Accelerated Predictive Stability Study of a Pediatric Drug Product for a Supplemental New Drug Application.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2024
Same author

Development of a Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)-Based Characterization Approach for Inherent Powder Blend Heterogeneity in Direct Compression Formulations.

The AAPS journal·2022
Same author

Fractal and Polarization Properties of Light Scattering Using Microcrystalline Pharmaceutical Aggregates.

Applied spectroscopy·2020
Same author

Sample Mass Estimate for the Use of Near-Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy to Monitor Content Uniformity in a Tablet Press Feed Frame of a Drug Product Continuous Manufacturing Process.

Applied spectroscopy·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example
09:56

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example

Published on: November 18, 2015

9.8K

In-Line Raman Spectroscopy for Polymorph Monitoring During Continuous Crystallization.

Sreya Sarkar1, Andreas Stumpf1, Zhenqi Shi1

  • 1Genentech Inc., Synthetic Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080 USA.

Applied Spectroscopy
|June 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In-line Raman spectroscopy monitors continuous crystallization polymorphs. This process analytical technology (PAT) tool enables real-time, quantitative analysis for better process control and understanding.

Keywords:
Raman spectroscopycontinuous crystallizationin-line measurementpolymorph monitoring

More Related Videos

On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature
07:42

On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature

Published on: March 11, 2022

2.0K
Characterization of Nanocrystal Size Distribution using Raman Spectroscopy with a Multi-particle Phonon Confinement Model
06:54

Characterization of Nanocrystal Size Distribution using Raman Spectroscopy with a Multi-particle Phonon Confinement Model

Published on: August 22, 2015

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example
09:56

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example

Published on: November 18, 2015

9.8K
On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature
07:42

On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature

Published on: March 11, 2022

2.0K
Characterization of Nanocrystal Size Distribution using Raman Spectroscopy with a Multi-particle Phonon Confinement Model
06:54

Characterization of Nanocrystal Size Distribution using Raman Spectroscopy with a Multi-particle Phonon Confinement Model

Published on: August 22, 2015

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Crystallization Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Continuous crystallization offers enhanced control over product attributes.
  • Real-time monitoring of polymorph composition is crucial for process understanding and optimization.
  • Polymorphic transitions in continuous processes require advanced analytical techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate in-line Raman spectroscopy as a Process Analytical Technology (PAT) tool.
  • To quantitatively monitor complex polymorphic transitions during flow-induced continuous crystallization.
  • To understand the process design space and avoid undesired polymorphs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in-line Raman spectroscopy for fast, in-situ, non-destructive measurements.
  • Applied second derivative Raman spectra for qualitative monitoring of polymorph changes.
  • Developed a Gaussian curve fitting method for quantitative determination of polymorph compositions.

Main Results:

  • Successfully monitored subtle polymorphic transitions in real-time.
  • Quantified polymorph composition under various continuous crystallization conditions.
  • Illustrated the dynamic nature of polymorph transitions during the process.

Conclusions:

  • In-line Raman spectroscopy is effective for qualitative and quantitative monitoring of continuous crystallization.
  • This PAT approach enhances understanding of crystallization kinetics and process design space.
  • Enables avoidance of process conditions leading to undesired polymorphs.