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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Nanoscale Characterization of Liquid-Solid Interfaces by Coupling Cryo-Focused Ion Beam Milling with Scanning Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Nanoscale Characterization of Liquid-Solid Interfaces by Coupling Cryo-Focused Ion Beam Milling with Scanning Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: July 14, 2022

Kapitza Length at Solid-Liquid Interface: From Nanoscale to Microscale.

Wentao Chen¹, Gyoko Nagayama¹

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Kitakyushu Fukuoka 804-8550 Japan.

|June 18, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how Kapitza length (interfacial thermal resistance) affects heat transfer in nano- to microscale systems. Giant Kapitza lengths were observed, defining new heat transfer regimes.

Keywords:

Kapitza length molecular dynamics simulations scale effects solid–liquid interfaces thermal energy transports

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Area of Science:

Thermodynamics
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Understanding thermal energy transport at solid-liquid interfaces is crucial for nano/microscale systems.
Interfacial thermal resistance (Kapitza length) is key, but its impact across scales is under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate Kapitza length at hydrophilic and hydrophobic solid-liquid interfaces.
To analyze interfacial heat transfer under constant heat flux and temperature differences.
To identify regimes of solid-liquid interfacial heat transfer.

Main Methods:

Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations were employed.
Simulations were conducted under constant heat flux and overall temperature difference conditions.
Kapitza length was compared with experimental data.

Main Results:

Kapitza length remained constant under constant heat flux.
Kapitza length was comparable to liquid film thickness under constant temperature differences.
A giant Kapitza length of 1382 nm was observed at a hydrophobic interface; three heat transfer regimes (phononic, transition, conductive) were identified.

Conclusions:

Kapitza length significantly influences solid-liquid interfacial heat transfer from nano- to microscales.
The findings offer insights for advanced thermal management in nano/microscale devices.
Distinct heat transfer regimes based on Kapitza length were established.