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PREMATURITY, SGA, OBESITY AND RAPID WEIGHT GAIN AS KEY FACTORS IN PREMATURE ADRENARCHE: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN

G Can Yılmaz1, H N Peltek Kendirci2, E Demir3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mugla, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Medicine, Türkiye.

Acta Endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)
|June 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Premature adrenarche (PA) is linked to prematurity and being small for gestational age (SGA). Rapid weight gain is a critical factor in PA development, highlighting the need for monitoring infants at risk.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Health
  • Growth and Development

Background:

  • Premature adrenarche (PA) is an early sign of puberty, associated with prematurity, small for gestational age (SGA), and rapid weight gain.
  • Early identification and management of PA are crucial for mitigating potential long-term health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of prematurity, SGA, obesity, and rapid weight gain on the occurrence of PA in Turkish girls.
  • To identify key risk factors for PA for improved clinical prediction and intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records for 104 girls diagnosed with PA between 2015 and 2020.
  • Evaluation of clinical data including gestational age, birth weight, BMI, DHEA-S levels, and delta weight SDS.
  • Statistical assessment of correlations between PA and identified risk factors.

Main Results:

  • 14.4% of girls with PA were born prematurely, and 28.8% were SGA.
  • 30.5% of patients were overweight or obese at diagnosis.
  • A significant positive correlation was found between rapid weight gain (delta weight SDS) and DHEA-S levels (r=0.523, p<0.01), indicating rapid weight gain as a key factor.

Conclusions:

  • Prematurity and SGA are significant risk factors for developing premature adrenarche.
  • Rapid weight gain is a critical determinant in PA development, more so than obesity alone.
  • Monitoring weight gain in premature and SGA infants is essential for early PA risk assessment and management.
Abstract

Keywords:
SGAobesitypremature adrenarcheprematurityrapid weight gain

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