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Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...

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Updated: May 13, 2026

Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications

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Published on: June 21, 2017

Configuring a Liquid State High-Entropy Metal Alloy Electrocatalyst.

Sahar Nazari¹, Ali Najmi², Priyank Kumar¹

¹School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2033, Australia.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|June 18, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel high-entropy liquid metal alloy for efficient green ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate. This advanced catalyst significantly boosts ammonia production rates and Faradaic efficiency (FE) for sustainable energy solutions.

Keywords:

DFT design of experiment electrocatalysis green ammonia high‐entropy liquid metal alloy

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Catalysis

Background:

Green ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate is complex and requires efficient catalysts.
Current methods face challenges with multi-step processes and catalyst saturation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel high-entropy liquid metal alloy for efficient nitrate-to-ammonia conversion.
To elucidate the catalytic mechanisms, including hydrogen shuttling, for enhanced performance.

Main Methods:

High-entropy liquid metal alloy design (Ga-Fe-Zn-Sn-Bi-Ni).
Computational modeling: Molecular dynamics and density functional theory.
Experimental validation: Design of experiments for optimization.

Main Results:

The alloy exhibits high configurational entropy, forming diverse, atomically dispersed active sites.
A unique hydrogen shuttling mechanism involving Fe, Sn, Ni, and Zn was identified.
Ammonia production rates increased up to sevenfold with high Faradaic efficiency (FE).

Conclusions:

The developed high-entropy liquid metal alloy offers a robust platform for efficient and scalable ammonia electrosynthesis.
Entropy-driven design and dynamic site reconfiguration are key to overcoming catalytic barriers.
This approach supports the pursuit of NetZero targets through sustainable chemical production.