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Environmental factors shaping atopic dermatitis: Lessons from longitudinal cohort studies
Eun Lee1, Song-I Yang2, Dong In Suh3
1Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Environmental exposures in early life significantly impact atopic dermatitis (AD) development. Factors like diet, pollution, and stress interact with genetics to influence immune responses and AD risk.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Environmental Health
- Dermatology
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin condition.
- Genetic and environmental factors interplay in AD pathogenesis.
- Longitudinal studies are crucial for understanding environmental influences on AD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review environmental determinants of atopic dermatitis (AD) onset and persistence.
- To synthesize evidence from longitudinal cohort studies.
- To explore the role of early-life environmental exposures.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of longitudinal cohort studies on AD.
- Analysis of environmental factors including delivery mode, antibiotic exposure, air pollutants, nutrition, and stress.
- Integration of exposome research and multiomics data.
Main Results:
- Early-life exposures (microbial, pollutants, nutrition, stress) significantly influence immune development and AD risk.
- Environmental factors impact skin barrier function and immune responses.
- Environmental influences vary by AD phenotype, suggesting personalized prevention.
Conclusions:
- Early-life environmental exposures are critical, interacting with genetic and other factors in AD pathogenesis.
- Exposome research enhances understanding of AD mechanisms and biomarkers.
- Integrated exposomics and multiomics approaches may guide targeted AD prevention and treatment.
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