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Experimental Certification of High-Dimensional Entanglement with Randomized Measurements.

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We experimentally certified three-dimensional entanglement in a five-dimensional quantum state. This robust method works even with random rotations, enabling secure quantum communication over noisy channels.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Optics
  • Experimental Physics

Background:

  • High-dimensional entangled states offer superior information capacity and noise resilience over two-dimensional systems.
  • Experimental certification of high-dimensional entanglement is challenging due to the large number of modes and sensitivity to random rotations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally certify three-dimensional entanglement in a five-dimensional two-photon state.
  • To demonstrate the robustness of entanglement certification against random rotations and phase randomization.
  • To develop a method for high-dimensional entanglement distribution through noisy channels without a common reference frame.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 800 Haar-random measurements implemented with a ten-plane programmable light converter.
  • Employed a novel approach to certify entanglement despite arbitrary phase randomization of optical modes.
  • Developed a reference-frame-independent certification protocol.

Main Results:

  • Successfully certified three-dimensional entanglement in a five-dimensional two-photon state.
  • Demonstrated the robustness of the certification method against random optical mode rotations.
  • Showcased the ability to certify entanglement even with arbitrary phase randomization.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental certification of high-dimensional entanglement is feasible using a large set of random measurements.
  • The developed method is robust against noise and phase randomization, crucial for practical applications.
  • This technique facilitates high-dimensional entanglement distribution over long-range, noisy quantum links without requiring a common reference frame.