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Local vs Nonlocal Dynamics in Cavity-Coupled Rydberg Atom Arrays
Zeno Bacciconi1, Hernan B Xavier1,2, Matteo Marinelli3
1International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy.
Physical Review Letters
|June 18, 2025
Summary
Quantum dynamics in Rydberg atom arrays are altered by nonlocal cavity modes. This study reveals novel meson-polariton and string dynamics, paving the way for cavity QED simulators.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Atomic physics
- Condensed matter theory
Background:
- Locality is a key principle in quantum many-body systems.
- Nonlocal cavity modes in cavity-embedded systems challenge this principle.
- Investigating dynamics in such systems reveals new quantum behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the real-time dynamics of low-energy excitations in 1D Rydberg atom arrays coupled to a global cavity mode.
- To understand how nonlocal cavity modes influence quantum dynamics.
- To propose an experimental realization.
Main Methods:
- Derivation of an effective Tavis-Cummings-Ising model.
- Analysis of the model's phase diagram (ordered and disordered phases).
- Investigation of meson and string dynamics.
Main Results:
- Nonlocal cavity modes significantly alter emergent meson and string dynamics.
- Mesons hybridize with cavity photons, forming composite meson-polaritons.
- Strings gain finite kinetic energy via nonlocal cavity-mediated interactions.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a theoretical framework for understanding quantum dynamics in cavity-embedded Rydberg atom arrays.
- Novel phenomena like meson-polaritons and cavity-modified string dynamics are identified.
- A blueprint for a cavity QED Rydberg atom array simulator is presented for experimental verification.
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