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Association between transmission modes and chronic Chagas disease clinical forms

Carlos Walmyr de Mattos Oliveira1,2, Luiz Henrique Conde Sangenis1,3, Sergio Salles Xavier1

  • 1Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical
|June 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Vectorial transmission is the most common route for Chagas disease (CD). This study found no significant link between transmission modes and chronic cardiac or digestive complications of Chagas disease.

Area of Science:

  • Neglected tropical diseases
  • Infectious disease epidemiology
  • Chagas disease research

Background:

  • Chagas disease (CD) causes significant cardiac and gastrointestinal morbidity.
  • Diverse transmission routes exist, but their clinical impact is unclear.
  • Investigating transmission modes' association with CD clinical forms is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between Chagas disease transmission modes and chronic clinical manifestations.
  • To identify potential links between how patients acquired CD and disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 2,162 chronic Chagas disease patients.
  • Data collected on sociodemographics, transmission history, and clinical evaluations.
  • Logistic regression models used to assess transmission mode and clinical form associations.

Main Results:

  • Vectorial transmission (90.8%) was the predominant route.
  • Congenital and oral transmission routes were associated with younger patients and different demographics.
  • No significant association was found between transmission mode and cardiac or digestive forms of CD.

Conclusions:

  • Vectorial transmission is the most frequent route in chronic Chagas disease.
  • Current data show no significant link between transmission mode and clinical presentation.
  • Further research is needed to understand progression to determinate Chagas disease forms.
Abstract

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