Emerging Trends in Point-of-Care Technology Development for Oncology in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

The growing cancer burden and suboptimal diagnostic capacity in low- and middle-income countries calls for urgent innovation in diagnostic solutions. Point-of-care technologies (POCTs) offer a transformative approach to decentralizing cancer diagnostics by providing rapid, affordable, and scalable testing in resource-constrained settings. Recent advancements, including loop-mediated isothermal amplification and multiplexed lateral flow immunoassay, enable high-sensitivity detection of cancer biomarkers without the need for complex laboratory infrastructure. Additionally, noninvasive imaging tools, such as optical coherence tomography and fluorescence-guided microscopy, offer portable and cost-effective solutions for early cancer detection in settings with limited health care services. These innovations are complemented by the integration of artificial intelligence, which improves diagnostic accuracy and reduces reliance on highly trained personnel. However, significant infrastructure and logistical challenges persist, including resource constraints, unreliable electricity, and insufficient cold-chain logistics, which limit diagnostic precision and accessibility. This review discusses recent advances in POCTs for oncology and examines how public-private partnerships and multisector collaborations can address key implementation barriers. By prioritizing inclusivity, cross-sector collaboration, and targeted investments, POCTs can sustainably narrow global disparities in cancer diagnosis and treatment.