Natural cyclic peptides produced by the Ganoderma lucidum-associated endophytic Trichoderma sp. GLQ02

Eight natural cyclopeptides (1-8), including three previously undescribed compounds (1, 4, and 7), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Trichoderma sp. GLQ02 derived from Ganoderma lucidum. Their structures and absolute configurations were unambiguously determined through a combination of extensive spectroscopic analysis (NMR, MS), advanced Marfey's method, biogenetic considerations, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. All isolated cyclopeptides 1-8 were subsequently evaluated for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. The results demonstrated that compound 1 downregulated the mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-1β and MCP-1, suggesting its potential anti-inflammatory activity. And compounds 1-8 did not exhibit antibacterial activity at a concentration of 10 mg/mL.