Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 19, 2025
07:09
A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
Published on: February 18, 2022
2.0K
Heart Failure With Improved Ejection Fraction: Definitions, Epidemiology, and Management
Mauro Riccardi1, Maria A Pabon2, Ankeet S Bhatt3
1Division of Cardiology, Cremona Hospital, Cremona, Italy; Cardiology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|June 18, 2025
Summary
Heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) is a distinct condition where ejection fraction recovers. Further research is needed to understand HFimpEF prognosis and optimize treatment strategies for these patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) is defined by a recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from ≤40% to >40%.
- HFimpEF is increasingly recognized but remains understudied, with ongoing uncertainty regarding its long-term outcomes and best management practices.
- Rising prevalence may be linked to better guideline-directed medical therapy and refined diagnostic criteria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of HFimpEF, covering its epidemiology, pathophysiology, prognosis, and therapeutic interventions.
- To identify current clinical knowledge gaps in HFimpEF management.
- To suggest future research directions for improved risk stratification and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of contemporary registries and clinical trials.
- Analysis of epidemiological data and prognostic factors.
- Evaluation of current treatment strategies and guidelines.
Main Results:
- HFimpEF represents a significant and growing patient population within the heart failure spectrum.
- Despite LVEF improvement, patients with HFimpEF face continued risks for adverse cardiovascular events.
- Optimal management strategies for HFimpEF are still under active investigation and require further research.
Conclusions:
- HFimpEF is a distinct clinical entity requiring tailored research and management approaches.
- Further investigation is crucial to refine risk assessment and therapeutic strategies for patients with HFimpEF.
- Addressing clinical gaps will enhance the care and outcomes for individuals experiencing improved ejection fraction in heart failure.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation
43
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
43
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
1.9K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.9K
01:30Heart Failure V: Medical Management
34
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
34
01:30Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions
147
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
147
01:29Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
59
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
59
01:27Heart Failure I: Introduction
77
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
77