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Advancing nanopore technology toward protein identification and sequencing.

Verena Rukes1, Chan Cao2

  • 1Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|June 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanopore technology shows promise for analyzing proteins, but de novo protein sequencing remains a challenge. This review explores current nanopore strategies and engineering solutions for single-molecule protein analysis.

Keywords:
de novo sequencinglong-read sequencingnanoporesprotein analysisproteomicssingle-molecule techniques

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Genomics and Proteomics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Proteins are fundamental to cellular functions and disease processes.
  • Proteomics faces challenges due to the complexity and dynamic nature of proteoforms, lagging behind genomics.
  • Nanopore technology, successful in DNA sequencing, is being adapted for protein analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current nanopore-based strategies for protein analysis.
  • To identify technical hurdles in nanopore protein sequencing.
  • To explore engineering strategies for advancing single-molecule protein analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative review of existing nanopore protein analysis techniques.
  • Analysis of technical limitations and challenges.
  • Exploration of engineering approaches for protein sequencing.

Main Results:

  • Nanopore technology demonstrates potential for protein identification.
  • True de novo protein sequencing using nanopores is an ongoing challenge.
  • Various strategies exist, but technical hurdles impede widespread application.

Conclusions:

  • Nanopore technology offers a promising avenue for protein analysis and sequencing.
  • Overcoming current technical challenges is crucial for realizing its full potential.
  • Engineering efforts are key to achieving single-molecule protein sequencing capabilities.