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Published on: October 25, 2024
360
Abdominal tuberculosis in children: a systematic review on current advances
Vinod Raj1, Shilpa Sharma2,3
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, India. doc.vraj89@gmail.com.
Pediatric Surgery International
|June 18, 2025
Summary
Pediatric abdominal tuberculosis presents with vague symptoms like fever and pain, often mimicking other conditions. Early diagnosis and differentiation are crucial for effective management in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Abdominal tuberculosis (TB) in children is a diagnostic challenge due to non-specific symptoms.
- Literature review is essential to understand current trends and management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review published literature on pediatric abdominal tuberculosis over the last decade.
- To compile data on demographics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.
Main Methods:
- A systematic PubMed search was conducted for "pediatric abdominal tuberculosis" within the last 10 years.
- Data extraction focused on patient characteristics, symptoms, diagnostic criteria, associated conditions, surgical interventions, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- 51 articles comprising 807 pediatric cases were analyzed, showing a female preponderance and a predominant age in adolescence.
- Common symptoms included fever, abdominal pain, distension, ascites, and weight loss; unusual presentations involved microabscesses and thrombosis.
- Concomitant pulmonary TB was noted in 6 studies, and intestinal perforation was the primary indication for surgery.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric abdominal tuberculosis remains an enigma due to its vague symptomatology.
- Distinguishing abdominal TB from other pediatric conditions is critical for timely and appropriate treatment.
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