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Human mastadenovirus pneumonia in two immunocompetent patients

Salome Hosch1,2, Baptiste Hamelin1,2, Jasmin D Haslbauer1,2

  • 1Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Virology Journal
|June 18, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Human Mastadenovirus blackbeardi (hAdV-B) can cause chronic pneumonia in immunocompetent individuals. This study details two cases in smokers, highlighting hAdV-B

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Human adenoviruses (hAdV) are frequent causes of respiratory infections.
  • Mastadenovirus blackbeardi (hAdV-B) is associated with severe pneumonia, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
  • The clinical and histopathological aspects of adenoviral pneumonia are not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and histopathological features of hAdV-B pneumonia.
  • To investigate the role of hAdV-B in causing chronic lung inflammation in immunocompetent patients.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of two patients with suspected adenoviral pneumonia.
  • Diagnostic workup included exclusion of other pathogens.
  • Metagenomic whole-genome sequencing for pathogen identification.

Main Results:

  • Two immunocompetent female smokers presented with persistent respiratory symptoms and pulmonary infiltrates.
  • Necrotizing granulomatous inflammation was observed in lung tissue.
  • Metagenomic sequencing confirmed hAdV-B as the causative agent in both cases.
  • Both patients recovered after surgical resection of affected lung tissue.

Conclusions:

  • hAdV-B can induce chronic granulomatous lung inflammation and persistent tissue damage.
  • These cases suggest hAdV-B may cause chronic pneumonia in immunocompetent individuals, especially those with a history of smoking.
  • Successful treatment involved surgical intervention without additional antiviral therapy.
Keywords:
Chronic inflammationGranulomaLung pathologyMastadenovirusPneumoniaViral persistence

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