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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Visualization of High Speed Liquid Jet Impaction on a Moving Surface

Visualization of High Speed Liquid Jet Impaction on a Moving Surface

Published on: April 17, 2015

Controlled jetting of impacting drops.

N S Satpathi¹, G S G Reddy¹, A K Sen¹

¹Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Micro Nano Bio Fluidics Unit, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chennai-600036, Tamil Nadu, India.

Physical Review. E

|June 19, 2025

Summary

Controlling droplet impact dynamics is achieved using inclined superhydrophobic surfaces with hydrophilic spots. This method enables two distinct regimes: no-splitting and jetting, offering precise control over ejected droplet characteristics.

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Area of Science:

Fluid Dynamics
Surface Science
Materials Science

Background:

Controlling the behavior of impacting droplets is a persistent challenge in fluid dynamics.
Superhydrophobic surfaces offer unique properties for droplet manipulation, but dynamic control remains complex.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a simple method for controlling droplet impact dynamics.
To investigate the transition between different droplet impact regimes.
To characterize the properties of ejected droplets for potential applications.

Main Methods:

Utilizing inclined superhydrophobic surfaces with integrated superhydrophilic spots.
Conducting experimental studies on droplet impact dynamics.
Developing scaled theoretical models for regime transition and ejected droplet characteristics.

Main Results:

Identified two distinct droplet impact regimes: no-splitting and jetting.
Characterized the transition between regimes based on Weber number to Bond number ratio, spot diameter, and surface inclination.
Quantified jet angle and diameter of ejected droplets using experimental and theoretical approaches.

Conclusions:

The proposed method effectively controls droplet impact dynamics.
The study provides a framework for predicting and controlling droplet splitting and jetting.
Findings have potential relevance for applications requiring precise droplet delivery.