Recent advancements of bismuth titanate photocatalysis

Bismuth titanate has found widespread applications in photocatalysis for hydrogen production, degradation of organic pollutants, nitrogen oxide removal, and carbon dioxide reduction, among others, due to its unique crystal structure and electronic energy band configuration. In this paper, we summarize the recent progress in the preparation of bismuth titanate, mainly Bi₂Ti₂O₇, which is classified into four categories according to their morphological and structural characteristics, explore the manipulation of the materials morphology, and analyze the influence of the materials structures on the photocatalytic performance. The review is concluded with a perspective highlighting the key challenges and future research directions.