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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Humoral Immune Responses01:36

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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
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Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles TRECs and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles KRECs by Real-time PCR
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Endocrinopathies associated with pediatric common variable immunodeficiency.

Jan Neneman1, Marek Niedziela2, Kamil Dyrka3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM
|June 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is linked to frequent endocrinopathies, including autoimmune thyroiditis and vitamin D deficiency. Early monitoring of endocrine function is crucial for managing CVID patients.

Keywords:
autoimmune diseasescommon variable immunodeficiency (CVID)endocrine system diseasesimmunoglobulin replacement therapypediatric population

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent symptomatic antibody deficiency in children.
  • CVID presents with diverse genetic causes, immune dysfunctions, and clinical issues like infections and autoimmunity.
  • Endocrinopathies in CVID are often multifactorial and can lead to organ hypofunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess endocrine homeostasis parameters in pediatric CVID patients.
  • To determine if endocrinopathies are part of the organ-specific immunopathology spectrum in CVID.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 22 children (5-17 years) diagnosed with CVID on immunoglobulin replacement therapy.
  • Assessed anthropometric and hormonal markers for growth, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal function, and calcium-phosphate metabolism.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of autoantibodies: 81.81% for antithyroid peroxidase and 59.09% for antipancreatic islet (GAD-Ab).
  • Significant metabolic abnormalities: 50% Vitamin D3 deficiency, 40.91% elevated parathormone (secondary hyperparathyroidism).
  • Subclinical pancreatic dysfunction noted: 50% low C-peptide, 35% positive GAD-Ab with low C-peptide.

Conclusions:

  • Endocrinopathies, especially autoimmune thyroiditis, are common in pediatric CVID, reflecting immune dysregulation.
  • Regular clinical and hormonal monitoring is vital for comprehensive care and improved outcomes in CVID patients.