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Schizotypy, Schizotypal Personality Disorder and Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review
Haoyu Guo1, Mingyue Xiao1, Jiawen Tian1
1Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy
|June 19, 2025
Summary
Eating disorders (EDs) frequently co-occur with schizotypy and schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). Schizotypal traits are more pronounced in anorexia nervosa (AN) than bulimia nervosa (BN).
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Clinical Psychology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Investigates the comorbidity between schizotypy, schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), and eating disorders (EDs).
- Examines the prevalence and characteristics of schizotypal manifestations across different ED subtypes.
Approach:
- Systematic review of empirical studies published up to 2023.
- Utilized data from four major databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science.
- Included data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and subsequent analyses of 11 studies involving 2236 patients.
Key Points:
- Anorexia nervosa (AN) and the combined anorexia and bulimia nervosa (BN) subtypes showed more significant schizotypal features.
- Bulimia nervosa (BN) alone presented with less severe levels of schizotypy.
- Binge eating disorder (BED) was also included in the review.
Conclusions:
- Confirms a close link between EDs and schizotypy/SPD.
- Schizotypal manifestations differ across ED types, suggesting distinct underlying mechanisms.
- Cognitive, social, and neurobiological deficits associated with schizotypy/SPD may contribute to pathological eating behaviors.
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