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Serum lipid and lipoprotein concentration in coronary heart disease
Insights
Serum Apo B, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio can help assess coronary artery disease severity. Elevated Apo B and triglycerides, with lower HDL ratios, indicate more severe blockages in major coronary arteries.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biochemistry
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
- Assessing CAD severity is crucial for effective patient management and treatment strategies.
- Lipid and lipoprotein profiles are known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and the severity of coronary artery disease.
- To determine if specific biomarkers can predict the extent of coronary artery stenosis.
Main Methods:
- 38 male patients with varying degrees of coronary artery stenosis were analyzed.
- Patients were categorized into three groups based on the percentage of luminal diameter narrowing in three major coronary arteries.
- Serum lipid profiles, including Apo B, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio, were measured and compared across groups.
Main Results:
- Patients with severe CAD (stenosis >51%) showed significantly elevated Apo B and triglyceride levels compared to controls.
- A decreased high density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio was observed in patients with severe CAD.
- A linear correlation was found between the number of affected coronary arteries and serum Apo B levels in the severe CAD group.
Conclusions:
- Serum Apo B, triglyceride levels, and the HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio are valuable indicators for assessing coronary artery disease severity.
- These biomarkers may aid in the early detection and risk stratification of patients with significant coronary artery stenosis.
Abstract:
The relationship between serum lipid and lipoprotein concentration and the severity of coronary artery disease assessed by cineangiography was studied in 38 male patients, aged 44 +/- 11.5 years. According to luminal diameter narrowing of 3 major coronary arteries, the patients were divided into 3 groups: group A -- 10 patients with a normal coronarographic finding; group B -- 8 patients with a 26 to 50% coronary artery stenosis; group C -- 20 men with coronary stenosis exceeding 51%. With the exception of Apo B which in patients of group B was slightly elevated (p less than 0.05), there was no difference in serum lipid and lipoprotein levels between patients of group A and B. Patients of group C had significantly increased Apo B and triglyceride levels and a decreased high density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio in comparison with the control group. In group C, a linear correlation was found between the number of affected major coronary arteries and the serum Apo B level. The results suggest that determination of Apo B, triglycerides and the HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio contributes to assessing the severity of coronary heart disease.