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Related Concept Videos

Bode Plots Construction01:24

Bode Plots Construction

814
The Bode plot is an essential tool in control system analysis, mapping the frequency response of a system through a magnitude plot and a phase plot, both against a logarithmic frequency axis. To construct a Bode plot, consider the transfer function H(ω):
814

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing for the Quantification of Endothelial Proliferation, Barrier Function, and Motility
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In Vivo Classification of Oral Lesions Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy.

Sophie A Lloyd, Torri E Lee, Ethan K Murphy

    IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering
    |June 19, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) can accurately distinguish oral cancer from healthy tissue during surgery. This non-invasive handheld device offers a promising tool for real-time oral lesion assessment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Surgical Oncology
    • Medical Devices

    Background:

    • Accurate intraoperative assessment of oral lesions is crucial for effective cancer resection.
    • Current methods for distinguishing cancerous from healthy oral tissue can be time-consuming or invasive.
    • There is a need for rapid, non-invasive tools to guide surgical decisions in real-time.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate a novel, handheld Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) device for intraoperative assessment of oral lesions.
    • To determine the feasibility of using EIS for differentiating cancerous oral tissue from healthy tissue in a surgical setting.
    • To assess the accuracy and reliability of EIS measurements in a real-life surgical environment.

    Main Methods:

    • A custom 33-electrode sensor array probe was utilized for EIS measurements across frequencies from 100 Hz to 100 kHz.
    • In vivo impedance data were collected from oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions and adjacent healthy tissues prior to surgical resection.
    • A data processing pipeline was developed to manage potential disturbances during intraoperative data acquisition.

    Main Results:

    • The study included 26 participants with oral squamous cell carcinoma.
    • Cancerous tissue exhibited significantly lower resistance and reactance compared to healthy tissue (p<0.0001).
    • Tissue classification using permittivity at 40 kHz achieved 88% accuracy (AUC=0.88), with other impedance parameters also showing high differentiation capability (AUCs >0.85).

    Conclusions:

    • Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) effectively differentiates between healthy and cancerous oral mucosa using rapid, non-invasive intraoperative measurements.
    • The developed data processing pipeline successfully maintained high data quality despite intraoperative environmental challenges.
    • This EIS device shows significant potential as a valuable tool for real-time surgical guidance in oral cancer procedures.