Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Viruses of Archaea01:29

Viruses of Archaea

87
Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
87
Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

33.1K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
33.1K
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

8.4K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
8.4K
Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

170
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
170
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

146
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
146
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

375
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
375

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

New antivenom is a 'potential game changer' for snakebites.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

AI-designed miniproteins neutralize snake toxins.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Dogs sniff out truffles-in the name of science.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Hurricane-battered researchers assess damage.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2024
Same author

Genomes were 'scrambled' when worms left the sea.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2024
Same author

'Why can't you make a coral out of an anemone?'

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Modeling The Lifecycle Of Ebola Virus Under Biosafety Level 2 Conditions With Virus-like Particles Containing Tetracistronic Minigenomes
10:11

Modeling The Lifecycle Of Ebola Virus Under Biosafety Level 2 Conditions With Virus-like Particles Containing Tetracistronic Minigenomes

Published on: September 27, 2014

36.4K

Microbe with tiny genome may evolve into a virus.

Christie Wilcox

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |June 19, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A newly discovered organism challenges biological definitions by focusing its DNA on replication, blurring the lines between cellular life and viruses.

    More Related Videos

    Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
    08:31

    Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'

    Published on: May 26, 2013

    11.1K
    Single Cell Micro-aspiration as an Alternative Strategy to Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Giant Virus Mixture Separation
    09:50

    Single Cell Micro-aspiration as an Alternative Strategy to Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Giant Virus Mixture Separation

    Published on: October 27, 2019

    7.2K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Sep 19, 2025

    Modeling The Lifecycle Of Ebola Virus Under Biosafety Level 2 Conditions With Virus-like Particles Containing Tetracistronic Minigenomes
    10:11

    Modeling The Lifecycle Of Ebola Virus Under Biosafety Level 2 Conditions With Virus-like Particles Containing Tetracistronic Minigenomes

    Published on: September 27, 2014

    36.4K
    Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
    08:31

    Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'

    Published on: May 26, 2013

    11.1K
    Single Cell Micro-aspiration as an Alternative Strategy to Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Giant Virus Mixture Separation
    09:50

    Single Cell Micro-aspiration as an Alternative Strategy to Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Giant Virus Mixture Separation

    Published on: October 27, 2019

    7.2K

    Area of Science:

    • Genomics
    • Virology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • The central dogma of molecular biology emphasizes DNA's role in replication and transcription.
    • Organisms are typically classified as either cellular life or viruses based on their structure and reproductive mechanisms.

    Discussion:

    • This newly identified organism exhibits unique DNA usage, primarily dedicated to replication.
    • Its biological characteristics challenge established classifications, presenting a potential intermediate between cells and viruses.

    Key Insights:

    • Discovery of an organism with DNA predominantly used for replication.
    • Evidence suggests a blurring of the distinction between viruses and cellular organisms.
    • Re-evaluation of fundamental biological classifications may be necessary.

    Outlook:

    • Further research into the organism's genome and life cycle is warranted.
    • This discovery could open new avenues for understanding viral evolution and cellular origins.
    • Potential implications for synthetic biology and the definition of life.