Breast-Related Issues in Community-Based Women's Rugby Union

Breast injuries and breast pain have not been specifically investigated in women's community-based rugby union despite their high prevalence in football codes. This study investigated the prevalence and severity of breast injuries and pain and the use and perception of breast protective equipment and sports bras in community-based women's rugby union. Cross-sectional, retrospective data of 51 community-based players (age: 18-31 years; experience: 1-10 seasons) were collected using an anonymous online survey. Mann-Whitney U tests and binomial regressions were used to compare respondent characteristics with and without previous breast injuries and pain (p < 0.05). The prevalence of breast injury was 40%, moderate mode pain intensity and pain duration of 1-7 days for 45% of respondents, and 65% had bruising and swelling that lasted 1-7 days. Life-long prevalence of breast injuries was associated with increased age and greater exposure (higher number of seasons played). Breast protective equipment was worn by 11%. The prevalence of breast pain was ∼85%; pain intensity was moderate for 49% and severe for 21% of respondents. Approximately, 50% of respondents reported to not know how to identify the design features of high-support sports bras or determine if their sports bras were correctly fitted. Breast injuries and pain were perceived to negatively affect athletic performance by 90% and 56% of respondents, respectively. Community-based rugby union players have a high prevalence of breast injuries and breast pain and insufficient knowledge of breast protection and breast support. Improved management is required to maximise breast health and performance.