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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

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Retinoma: An overview.

Panagiotis N Toumasis1, Ashwin Mallipatna2,3, Timothy W Corson3,4

  • 1School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece.

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|June 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Retinoma is a benign tumor caused by retinoblastoma gene (RB1) inactivation. Regular monitoring is crucial to detect any malignant transformation into retinoblastoma.

Keywords:
Ocular oncologyRetinal tumorRetinoblastomaRetinocytomaRetinoma

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Retinoma, or retinocytoma, is a benign tumor arising from biallelic inactivation of the retinoblastoma gene (RB1).
  • Loss of retinoblastoma protein in cone precursors triggers genomic instability, leading to senescence and non-proliferative retinoma.
  • Failure of senescence pathways and accumulated genetic alterations can result in malignant transformation to retinoblastoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of retinoma.
  • To elucidate the molecular genetics, clinical characteristics, diagnostics, and management of retinoma.
  • To offer insights into retinoblastoma development and oncogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on retinoma.
  • Analysis of molecular genetics and pathogenesis.
  • Compilation of clinical features, diagnostic modalities, and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Retinoma presents as a translucent retinal mass with characteristic ophthalmoscopic features including calcification and RPE alterations.
  • Management involves vigilant ophthalmic examination and imaging to monitor tumor stability and rule out malignant transformation.
  • Understanding retinoma pathogenesis offers insights into retinoblastoma and broader oncogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Retinoma is a benign precursor lesion requiring careful monitoring for malignant transformation.
  • Further understanding of retinoma can inform strategies for preventing and treating retinoblastoma.
  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on retinoma, highlighting its significance in understanding ocular oncology.