Advancements and Challenges in Spiritual Care Over the Last Decade: An Integrative Review

This study reviewed the literature on spiritual care published in the last decade to re-examine its necessity and importance, and to suggest future research directions. An integrative review was conducted on studies published from January 2014 to November 2024 using PubMed, Google Scholar, RISS, and KISS databases. Keywords "spiritual care" and "spiritual nursing" were used, and 288 studies were selected following PRISMA guidelines. A gap between perception and practice of spiritual care was identified, with time constraints, lack of education, and organizational support as major barriers. Spiritual care education was effective in enhancing competence of nurses and medical staff, positively impacting patients' quality of life and emotional stability. Cultural background and religious beliefs significantly influenced spiritual care practice. Systematic and standardized education, organizational support, and multidisciplinary approaches are necessary for effective spiritual care implementation, reflecting cultural diversity and modern health care needs.