Biomimetic models in radiotherapy research: An essential bridge between bench and beam

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Radiotherapy Research

Background:

• Traditional 2D cell cultures lack the complexity of the tumor microenvironment.
• This limitation hinders the accurate prediction of radiotherapy response in clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the transformative potential of advanced biomimetic in vitro models in radiotherapy research.
• To emphasize how these models improve the understanding of radiation sensitivity and resistance.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing 3D in vitro models, including organoids and organ-on-chips.
• Comparing the capabilities of 3D models with traditional 2D cell lines in replicating tumor complexity.

Main Results:

• 3D models capture key determinants of radiation sensitivity and resistance more effectively than 2D models.
• These advanced models offer improved translational relevance for radiotherapy research.

Conclusions:

• Biomimetic 3D models are crucial for advancing radiotherapy research.
• Wider adoption of these systems will bridge the gap between lab findings and clinical practice, enabling biomarker discovery and therapeutic innovation.