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Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a synthetic polymer widely utilized in the packaging industry, particularly for bottles and containers. Due to its chemical stability and durability, PET accumulates in the environment, contributing significantly to plastic pollution. It comprises repeating units of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, resulting in a semi-crystalline structure that is resistant to natural degradation processes.A notable breakthrough in plastic biodegradation came with the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris
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Same genus, same burden: Microplastic pollution in banded newts.

Abdullah Altunışık1

  • 1Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Türkiye.

Environmental Research
|June 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Microplastic pollution affects salamanders in Türkiye, with polyethylene terephthalate fibers found in 29-43% of Ommatotriton newts. This highlights amphibians as bioindicators for freshwater contamination.

Keywords:
AmphibiansBioindicatorsFreshwater ecosystemsMicroplastic pollutionOmmatotriton

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Amphibian Biology

Background:

  • Microplastic (MP) pollution is a significant global environmental concern.
  • Amphibian exposure and effects, particularly in urodeles (salamanders), remain understudied.
  • Freshwater ecosystems are critical habitats for many amphibian species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microplastic ingestion in three species of the salamander genus Ommatotriton from Turkish freshwater habitats.
  • To analyze the presence, abundance, and characteristics of ingested microplastics.
  • To assess the potential of Ommatotriton species as bioindicators of freshwater microplastic contamination.

Main Methods:

  • Gastrointestinal tracts of 91 adult Ommatotriton newts (O. nesterovi, O. vittatus, O. ophryticus) were examined.
  • Stereomicroscopy and Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier-Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy were employed for analysis.
  • Microplastic presence, abundance, polymer type, shape, and size were quantified.

Main Results:

  • Microplastics were detected in 29-43% of the analyzed newts.
  • No significant differences in MP presence, abundance, or particle size were observed among the three species.
  • Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and fibers were the dominant microplastic types, with sizes ranging from 45 to 474 μm.

Conclusions:

  • Microplastic contamination is widespread in the freshwater habitats studied, affecting Ommatotriton species.
  • Ommatotriton salamanders, with their aquatic breeding, generalist diet, and permeable skin, are suitable bioindicators for freshwater contamination.
  • Urgent conservation efforts are needed to mitigate microplastic exposure and protect vulnerable amphibian populations.